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Cytology is a microscopic diagnostic method in which individual cells or groups of cells from tissues, fluids, or secretions are examined to evaluate their morphology and detect inflammation, infection, or tumors. Examples of cytological tests performed at PAWsitive Vet Care:

Blood Smear Examination

  • Detection of blood parasites (e.g., Babesia, Hepatozoon, Mycoplasma, Trypanosoma)
  • Identification of parasites or indirect indicators of infection
  • Evaluation of platelet numbers (especially in cases of bleeding)
  • Assessment of red blood cell size and shape (e.g., anisocytosis, polychromasia)
  • Identification of red blood cell abnormalities (e.g., target cells, spherocytes)
  • Evaluation of hemolysis or anemia
  • Assessment of inflammatory responses
  • Indirect evaluation of bone marrow function

Urinalysis (Sediment Examination)

  • Detection of crystals (struvite, oxalate, urate, etc.)
  • Evaluation for red and white blood cells
  • Identification of epithelial cells (which may indicate inflammation or growths)
  • Detection of bacteria (in cases of urinary tract infection)

Fecal Analysis

Performed using specialized techniques (direct smear or flotation methods) to detect parasites such as Giardia spp. and Coccidia.

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