False Pregnancy (Pseudopregnancy) in Dogs

Pseudopregnancy is a condition in which a female dog shows signs of pregnancy even though she is not actually pregnant. It occurs in unspayed, non-pregnant female dogs, 4–9 weeks after her “heat cycle.

Signs of Pseudopregnancy

The symptoms of pseudopregnancy are caused by hormonal changes that naturally occur during the dog’s heat cycle. Specifically, they are caused by a rapid decrease in progesterone levels and an increase in prolactin levels.

The dog may build a nest in a quiet, safe place and show reluctance to leave it. She may frequently lick her genital area, “adopt” inanimate objects such as toys or shoes, develop swollen mammary glands with milk production, and may also show reduced appetite. Less common symptoms that may be observed include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, polyuria, polydipsia, and abdominal enlargement.

The veterinarian makes the diagnosis based on the dog’s history and clinical examination. However, it may be deemed appropriate to perform blood tests, radiographs, and/or ultrasound examination to rule out other pathological conditions and/or a possible pregnancy.

How is it Treated?

Symptoms usually subside within 2–4 weeks without treatment. During this time, it is recommended to discourage the maternal behavior. Remove the objects she has adopted (toys, shoes, etc.), remove the nesting area, and take the dog for more frequent walks and engage with her.

Additionally, medication may be administered to stop milk production if it does not subside, as milk accumulation in the mammary glands can cause mastitis. It is important to remember that “milking” the mammary glands should be avoided, as it stimulates milk production.

Dogs that develop pseudopregnancy often experience the condition again, so spaying is recommended as the definitive treatment.